易纲：商业可持续是发展普惠金融应坚持的基本原则

Core Viewpoint - The development of inclusive finance should adhere to the principle of commercial sustainability, as emphasized by Yi Gang, the former governor of the People's Bank of China [1] Group 1: Definition and Importance of Inclusive Finance - Inclusive finance refers to providing appropriate and effective financial services to all social strata and groups at an affordable cost, based on the principles of equal opportunity and commercial sustainability [3] - Key areas of focus for inclusive finance in China include daily financial services for the general public, support for agriculture, rural areas, and small and micro enterprises [3] Group 2: Commercial Sustainability in Inclusive Finance - Financial institutions must adopt a "cost-covering, low-profit, high-volume" model to effectively manage credit distribution while ensuring commercial sustainability [4] - Government support policies should establish incentive-compatible mechanisms to encourage market participation and effectively allocate resources to the most needy areas [4] Group 3: Policy Support and Implementation - During the COVID-19 pandemic, the People's Bank of China introduced tools to support small and micro enterprises, providing incentives for local banks to extend loan repayments and offering preferential interest rates for credit loans [5][6] - From June 2020 to the end of 2021, the inclusive small and micro enterprise loan support tools provided 21.7 billion yuan in incentives, leading to a total of 22 trillion yuan in extended loans and over 10 trillion yuan in new credit loans [6]