越南天塌了！刚被美国抢完，欧盟又来了：将要求其取消非关税壁垒

Core Points - Vietnam is facing significant pressure from both the United States and the European Union, leading to a series of concessions that highlight its precarious position in global trade dynamics [1][2][19] - The EU's visit to Vietnam is not a spontaneous event but a calculated move, as evidenced by the growing trade deficit, which surpassed $50 billion in 2024 and is projected to approach $30 billion in the first half of 2025 [2][4] - The EU's demands focus on the removal of non-tariff barriers in various sectors, particularly agriculture and automotive, reflecting long-standing grievances from European producers [5][19] Trade Dynamics - The trade relationship between the EU and Vietnam has been imbalanced since the signing of the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement in 2019, with Vietnam's exports surging while imports from the EU have remained stagnant [4][5] - The EU's approach has shifted from multilateralism to a more aggressive stance, leveraging its market size to impose demands on Vietnam, mirroring tactics previously employed by the United States [7][19] Economic Strategy - Vietnam's economy is heavily reliant on exports, with nearly one-third of its total exports going to the United States, limiting its negotiating power and forcing it to make concessions [9][10] - In response to external pressures, Vietnam's government has initiated a strategy to diversify its export markets, aiming to establish free trade agreements with regions such as the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America by the end of 2025 [12][14] Challenges Ahead - Despite the strategic shift towards market diversification, the new markets may not offer the same economic benefits as the US and EU, posing challenges for Vietnam's export growth [14][17] - Vietnam's ability to negotiate effectively with the EU is hampered by its limited bargaining power, making it vulnerable to more stringent demands in future negotiations [17][21] Broader Implications - The situation in Vietnam serves as a cautionary tale for other developing countries, illustrating the harsh realities of global trade where power dynamics often dictate terms [19][21] - The erosion of multilateralism in favor of bilateral agreements signifies a shift in global trade practices, compelling developing nations to navigate a complex landscape of competing interests [19][21]