扩大关税调查范围 美国再挥“232大棒”

Group 1 - The Trump administration has initiated Section 232 investigations into imported robots, industrial machinery, and medical devices, aiming to encourage domestic manufacturing by increasing import costs [1][2][4] - The investigations are based on the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, which allows the U.S. Department of Commerce to investigate imports that threaten national security, with a deadline of 270 days for policy recommendations [2][3] - The new investigations expand the range of industries potentially facing tariffs, including robots, CNC machining centers, and personal protective equipment (PPE) [2][3] Group 2 - The Trump administration's tariffs on steel, aluminum, and copper have generated significant revenue, with July 2023 tariff income reaching $28.44 billion, a 273% increase year-over-year [4] - Despite the increase in tariff revenue, the core objectives of the tariffs are to reduce the trade deficit and promote the return of manufacturing jobs to the U.S. [4][5] - The manufacturing sector has faced challenges, with job growth in manufacturing being negative since April 2023, indicating difficulties in bringing manufacturing back to the U.S. [5][6] Group 3 - Legal challenges to the Trump administration's tariff measures have emerged, with a ruling stating that the use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to impose tariffs was unlawful [6][7] - The ruling may impact the administration's ability to implement tariffs under this act, while Section 232 tariffs could be more enduring despite a longer implementation process [7][8] - The National Economic Council has suggested that if the Supreme Court does not support the Trump administration, other legal bases for imposing tariffs may still be pursued [7]