发展普惠金融应坚持商业可持续原则

Core Viewpoint - The development of inclusive finance should adhere to the principle of commercial sustainability, providing affordable financial services to various social groups in China [1][2]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of Inclusive Finance - Inclusive finance aims to provide appropriate and effective financial services to all social strata based on equal opportunity and commercial sustainability [1]. - Key areas of focus include daily financial services for the general public, support for agriculture, small and micro enterprises, and individual businesses [1]. Group 2: Role of Financial Institutions - Financial institutions must play a fundamental role in resource allocation, emphasizing the importance of commercial sustainability to mobilize social capital for inclusive finance [2]. - A "cost-covering, low-profit, high-volume" model is necessary for financial institutions to serve clients with limited financial capacity [2]. Group 3: Government Support and Policy Mechanisms - Government policies should create incentive-compatible mechanisms to encourage market participation and support inclusive finance [3]. - Fiscal policies, such as interest subsidies and loan loss sharing mechanisms, are crucial for expanding financial services to vulnerable groups [3]. Group 4: Case Study of Policy Implementation - During the pandemic, the People's Bank of China introduced tools to support small and micro enterprises, providing incentives to local banks for extending loan repayments [4]. - From June 2020 to the end of 2021, these tools mobilized significant financial resources, with 217 billion yuan in incentives leading to 2.2 trillion yuan in extended loans [4]. Group 5: Overall Impact of Structural Monetary Policy - Structural monetary policy effectively guides financial institutions to allocate resources to specific areas while maintaining market mechanisms and preventing moral hazards [5].