现实版“夸父逐日”，“人造太阳”可控核聚变十年可期

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements and challenges in nuclear fusion research, often referred to as "artificial sun," which aims to provide a clean and sustainable energy source [2][3][6] - The potential of nuclear fusion is highlighted, including its safety, abundant fuel supply, and high energy efficiency, making it a promising alternative to traditional energy sources [2][5] Group 1: Current Developments - Nuclear fusion is being researched through three main technical routes: magnetic confinement, inertial confinement, and magnetic inertial confinement [3] - The establishment of China Fusion Energy Co., a subsidiary of China National Nuclear Corporation, marks a significant step in the country's nuclear fusion efforts [3][8] - The "East" (EAST) and HL-2M devices represent China's leading magnetic confinement fusion research efforts, with EAST achieving a record operation at 120 million degrees Celsius for 101 seconds in 2021 [5][6] Group 2: Challenges and Opportunities - The industry faces three core challenges: maintaining stable plasma combustion, material performance under extreme conditions, and tritium recycling [7][8] - Despite historical setbacks, recent trends show a surge in global investment in fusion energy, driven by the urgent demand for green energy solutions [10][11] - The emergence of several commercial fusion companies in China indicates a shift towards practical applications of fusion technology, with expectations for demonstration applications within the next decade [8][11]