特朗普对专利药征收100%关税：全球医药市场震荡，中国药企影响有限

Core Viewpoint - The announcement of a 100% tariff on all branded or patented pharmaceuticals imported into the U.S. starting October 1 has caused significant turmoil in the global pharmaceutical market, particularly affecting major European and Asian pharmaceutical companies [1][3][5]. Tariff Policy Details - The tariff specifically targets branded or patented pharmaceuticals, exempting generics, biosimilars, and raw materials [5][6]. - The policy follows a series of investigations and threats from the U.S. government regarding drug imports, with the final tariff being less severe than initially proposed [3][5]. - Major pharmaceutical stocks, particularly in Europe and Asia, experienced notable declines following the announcement, with companies like Novo Nordisk and GlaxoSmithKline seeing drops of 3.1% and 1.1% respectively [3][5]. Impact on Global Pharmaceutical Companies - U.S. pharmaceutical companies, such as Pfizer and Merck, are expected to benefit from the tariff as it may enhance their market share domestically [5][6]. - Companies are responding by increasing investments in U.S. production capabilities, with Johnson & Johnson planning to invest $55 billion over five years to bolster local manufacturing [6][7]. - The cost implications of the tariff are significant, potentially doubling the cost of imported drugs, which could lead to increased healthcare costs in the U.S. [5][6]. Response from Chinese Pharmaceutical Companies - Chinese pharmaceutical companies are likely to be less affected due to their focus on generic drugs and raw materials, which are not subject to the new tariffs [2][9]. - The majority of Chinese exports to the U.S. consist of generics (over 60%) and raw materials (approximately 25%), with patented drugs making up less than 15% [9][10]. - Chinese companies like Huahai Pharmaceutical and Haisco Pharmaceutical are positioned to avoid tariff impacts by focusing on generics and utilizing licensing agreements for any innovative drugs [10][11]. Opportunities for Chinese Pharmaceutical Industry - The tariff situation may create unexpected growth opportunities for Chinese pharmaceutical companies as Western firms are forced to relocate production to the U.S., potentially diminishing their competitiveness in other markets [11][12]. - The restructuring of the global pharmaceutical supply chain could lead to increased demand for outsourcing services, benefiting Chinese contract research organizations (CROs) [11][12]. - Analysts suggest that the actual impact of the tariff on Chinese pharmaceutical stocks is minimal, with upcoming healthcare negotiations and data releases potentially serving as catalysts for recovery [11][12].