2500万人受心脏瓣膜病影响，如何破局诊疗困境？

Core Insights - The article highlights the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in China, particularly heart valve diseases, which have become a significant public health issue affecting the elderly population [1][2]. Group 1: Prevalence and Impact - Approximately 330 million people in China suffer from cardiovascular diseases, with heart valve diseases being the third most common after coronary heart disease and hypertension [1]. - About 25 million individuals are affected by valve diseases, with 1 in 10 elderly individuals over 65 years old having heart valve issues, leading to heart failure and sudden death [1][2]. Group 2: Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment - There is a low detection rate (1.7%) and intervention rate (37.3%) for heart valve diseases among the elderly, indicating a significant gap in awareness and healthcare access [3][4]. - The progression of valve diseases is staged, and early intervention is crucial; untreated severe aortic stenosis patients have a 50% survival rate at 2 years and only 20% at 5 years [2][5]. Group 3: Treatment Approaches - Treatment options include medication, surgical intervention, and minimally invasive procedures, with surgery being critical for improving prognosis in moderate to severe cases [5][6]. - The choice between biological and mechanical valves depends on various factors, including patient age and overall health, with a shift towards increased use of biological valves in recent years [6][7]. Group 4: Management and Follow-up - A comprehensive management approach covering prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation is essential for improving patient outcomes [4][7]. - Post-operative management is often neglected, leading to challenges in follow-up care, especially for elderly patients who may require assistance to attend appointments [7].