公交企业如何行稳致远

Core Viewpoint - The public transportation industry is facing significant challenges due to declining passenger numbers, financial losses, and inadequate government subsidies, necessitating urgent reforms and innovative solutions to ensure sustainability and service quality [3][5][7]. Group 1: Industry Challenges - Public transport companies are experiencing severe operational difficulties, with reports of unpaid wages and social insurance contributions due to policy-related financial losses and a shift in travel preferences among the public [4][7]. - Passenger volume for public buses has drastically decreased, with a reported 60% drop compared to 2019 levels, leading to reduced daily revenue for companies [4][5]. - The overall public transport passenger volume in China fell from 691.76 billion trips in 2019 to an estimated 386.70 billion in 2024, representing only 56% of the 2019 figure [5]. Group 2: Changing Travel Preferences - The rise of alternative transportation options such as subways, private cars, and ride-hailing services has diverted passengers away from buses, with the proportion of bus passenger volume in urban public transport dropping from 54% to 36% from 2019 to 2024 [5][6]. - Increasing expectations for travel quality have led to dissatisfaction with bus services, as issues like slow speeds and long wait times contribute to declining ridership [6][9]. Group 3: Financial and Operational Strain - Many public transport companies are struggling with financial viability, with daily revenue per bus dropping from nearly 1,000 yuan in 2019 to less than 560 yuan currently [7]. - The burden of providing free rides for certain demographics, such as the elderly, has increased, with approximately 25% of passengers qualifying for free travel, further straining financial resources [7][8]. - The aging workforce in the public transport sector poses additional challenges, with over 70% of employees being over 45 years old, making recruitment of younger drivers difficult [8]. Group 4: Policy and Government Support - Recent government policies emphasize the need for timely financial support to public transport companies to address policy-related losses, but many local governments are unable to provide adequate subsidies [7][8]. - The introduction of the Urban Public Transport Regulations aims to prioritize public transport development and ensure stable financial input and scientific subsidy mechanisms [11]. Group 5: Innovative Solutions and Future Directions - Public transport companies are exploring new business models, such as vehicle maintenance services and tourism-related ventures, to diversify income streams and enhance financial sustainability [12]. - Suggestions for improving service include better integration with other transport modes, customized bus services, and community-focused initiatives to attract more passengers [10][12]. - The potential for public transport to support rural logistics and enhance economic development through integrated passenger and freight services is being recognized, necessitating legal and operational adjustments [13].