特朗普关税下，大众、博世、奥迪、保时捷等德国汽车大厂深陷裁员潮

Core Viewpoint - The recent announcement by the Trump administration to impose a 25% tariff on imported heavy trucks has negatively impacted the already fragile state of the German automotive industry, leading to significant job cuts and restructuring efforts among major manufacturers [2][4]. Group 1: Impact of Tariffs and Economic Conditions - The German automotive sector is struggling with weakened demand, high labor and energy costs, and increased competition from rapidly developing manufacturers, exacerbated by the U.S. tariff policies [4][5]. - Bosch, Germany's largest automotive parts supplier, announced plans to cut 13,000 jobs over the next five years, signaling a critical warning for the German industrial sector [2][9]. - The DAX index's structure is expected to undergo a fundamental shift by 2025, with the automotive and parts industry’s weight dropping from approximately 21% in 2015 to less than 10% [4]. Group 2: Job Cuts and Corporate Restructuring - Major German automotive companies, including Bosch, Continental, Schaeffler, and ZF, are implementing significant layoffs and cost-cutting measures due to ongoing pressures [5][8]. - Volkswagen plans to cut 35,000 jobs in Germany by 2030, while Bosch is set to reduce 18,500 positions, primarily in its mobility and autonomous driving divisions [8]. - The overall German automotive industry has eliminated about 55,000 jobs in the past two years, with projections indicating further job losses in the coming years [7][8]. Group 3: Economic Forecast and Recovery - A joint economic forecast from five major German economic research institutions predicts that Germany's economy will grow by only 0.2% in 2025, hindered by U.S. tariff policies and structural issues [10][11]. - The report highlights that the manufacturing sector's recovery is sluggish, with high energy and labor costs, a shortage of skilled workers, and declining competitiveness limiting growth prospects [11]. - The German government has attempted to boost confidence through increased military spending and a €100 billion "Made in Germany" investment plan, but tangible results have yet to materialize [11][12].