中国有的，印度也得有？莫迪追加7000亿，印度：要动摇中日韩地位

Core Viewpoint - The Indian government, led by Prime Minister Modi, has announced a significant investment of approximately 700 billion rupees to revitalize the shipbuilding industry, aiming to challenge the dominance of China, South Korea, and Japan in this sector. However, the effectiveness of this initiative is questioned due to India's historical struggles in manufacturing and the underlying structural issues within the industry [3][12][20]. Investment and Policy - The recent investment is part of a broader strategy to boost the manufacturing sector, which has seen a decline in its contribution to GDP from 17% to 15% over the past five years, contrary to the government's goal of increasing it to 25% [3][20]. - The Modi administration previously launched a "Production-Linked Incentive Scheme" to attract businesses, but the results have been disappointing, particularly in mobile manufacturing, where production capacity fell short by 40% [3][7]. Structural Challenges - India's shipbuilding industry has seen its global market share plummet from 40% in the 1970s to just 5% today, primarily due to a lack of technology, inadequate infrastructure, and unstable policies [7][12][20]. - The World Bank's logistics performance index ranks Indian ports at 58th globally, indicating significant inefficiencies compared to competitors like China and Vietnam [5][12]. Talent and Innovation - The country faces a talent drain, with over 2,000 shipbuilding engineers leaving for South Korea and Japan annually, which hampers domestic technological advancement [14][20]. - India's research and development spending is only 0.7% of GDP, significantly lower than China's 2.4%, limiting the country's ability to innovate and develop its manufacturing capabilities [7][12]. Trade and External Factors - Recent U.S. trade policies, including a 50% tariff on solar panels imported from India, have added pressure on the Indian economy, particularly in the IT sector, which relies heavily on exports [9][10]. - The political and diplomatic stance of India often complicates its trade relationships, making it challenging to establish a robust export-oriented economy [10][20]. Industry Ecosystem - The shipbuilding sector suffers from a lack of supporting industries, with essential components like steel and electronics primarily imported, undermining the goal of self-sufficiency [10][12]. - The aging infrastructure, with 60% of port cranes outdated, further complicates the logistics of shipbuilding, making it difficult to meet production demands efficiently [14][20]. Conclusion - While the investment in the shipbuilding industry reflects Modi's ambition to enhance India's manufacturing capabilities, the success of this initiative hinges on addressing deep-rooted structural issues, including policy stability, infrastructure development, and talent retention [20][21].