我国形成世界上规模最大水利基础设施体系

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant achievements in China's water conservancy development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing improvements in flood control, water supply, food security, and ecological safety [2][3]. Investment and Infrastructure - Water conservancy investment has reached a historical high, with over 1 trillion yuan invested annually for three consecutive years, totaling 13,529 billion yuan in 2024, which is 1.6 times that of the previous five-year plan [3]. - By the end of 2024, China will have built 95,000 reservoirs, 200 major water diversion projects, and 31.8 million kilometers of embankments, establishing the world's largest and most comprehensive water conservancy infrastructure system [3]. Disaster Management and Response - The proportion of flood disaster losses to GDP has decreased from 0.28% during the "13th Five-Year Plan" to 0.18% during the current plan [3]. - The capacity for flood control in reservoirs is 185.6 billion cubic meters, protecting 660 million people, and the country has effectively managed severe droughts in major river basins [3]. Water Resource Management - The total water usage has achieved zero growth despite significant economic growth, with water usage per unit of GDP and industrial output decreasing by 17.7% and 23.6% respectively compared to 2020 [5]. - The area of effective irrigation has increased to 6.38 million acres, with unconventional water usage reaching 25.1 billion cubic meters [5]. Agricultural Support - Modern irrigation districts have been developed to enhance grain production, with significant investments in water source projects and irrigation area improvements [6]. - The area of irrigated farmland is expected to reach 109 million acres by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan" [5]. Rural Water Supply - The rural water supply standardization model aims for a 96% coverage rate of tap water in rural areas by the end of the current plan [7]. Ecological Restoration - The area affected by soil erosion in the Loess Plateau has been reduced by over half, with significant improvements in river and lake ecosystems [8][9]. - The implementation of the "Mother River Revival Action" has led to the restoration of several historically significant rivers, with a focus on ecological flow standards [8].