普源精电招股书解读：净利润下滑14.6%，研发投入占比30.5%

Core Viewpoint - The financial data and operational status disclosed in the prospectus of Puyuan Precision Electric highlight a 14.6% decline in net profit and a 30.5% R&D investment ratio, indicating both challenges and opportunities for the company [1]. Business and Financial Status - Puyuan Precision Electric focuses on the electronic measurement instrument sector, offering a wide range of products including digital oscilloscopes and microwave RF instruments, serving over 100,000 end customers across more than 90 countries and regions, and covering multiple fields such as communication and new energy [2]. - The company emphasizes original technological innovation and has established a self-developed core technology platform, utilizing a combination of distributor sales and direct sales models [2]. Revenue and Profitability - Revenue has shown steady growth, driven by diverse product channels, while net profit has experienced a decline [3]. - Profitability is affected by significant cost and expense impacts, with gross margin fluctuations primarily driven by cost factors [3]. - Net profit margin varies with profitability fluctuations, influenced by multiple factors [3]. Risks and Challenges - Potential risks from related party transactions exist, as the company occasionally engages in transactions with related parties, which may raise questions about the fairness of transaction prices and the impact of changes in related party relationships on business [3]. - The absence of detailed industry comparisons in the prospectus makes it difficult to assess the company's competitive position, although its revenue and net profit growth suggest a certain level of market competitiveness [4]. - Continuous increases in R&D investment and cost pressures are challenges that the industry as a whole faces, necessitating further attention to the company's comparative advantages in technological innovation and cost control [4]. Customer and Supplier Risks - Customer concentration risk exists, with specific customers contributing over 10% of total revenue; for instance, Customer A generated 79.193 million yuan in 2024, and Customer B contributed 40.953 million yuan in the first half of 2025 [5]. - While customer concentration is relatively low, the loss or reduction of orders from major customers could still impact revenue [5]. - The prospectus lacks information on major suppliers and supplier concentration, making it difficult to assess the company's dependency on suppliers and potential risks such as supply interruptions or price fluctuations [6]. Corporate Governance and Management - The controlling shareholder, Dr. Wang Yue, holds approximately 61.01% of the voting rights, which may lead to significant influence over company decisions, posing risks if decisions are made incorrectly [7]. - The management team is experienced, but the effectiveness of their incentives remains to be observed [8]. - The company faces multiple risks, including declining net profit, increased R&D investment, cost and debt pressures, and various risk factors that could challenge future development [8].