影响10亿人的偏头痛，终于有救了？

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant advancements in migraine treatment, particularly focusing on CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants), which have shown potential in preventing migraine attacks and improving patients' quality of life [1][5][11]. Treatment Advancements - CGRP receptor antagonists, such as atogepant, have been approved and are transforming migraine management, making it a treatable and manageable condition [5][11]. - The success of gepants is attributed to decades of research on the role of CGRP in migraine mechanisms, marking a shift from traditional views that considered migraines primarily as vascular issues [10][11]. Understanding Migraine Mechanisms - Recent studies indicate that migraines originate in the brain and can manifest with various debilitating symptoms beyond just pain, including sensitivity to light and cognitive disturbances [5][7]. - Research has identified the hypothalamus as a central player in migraine pathophysiology, with abnormal brain activity patterns observed before and during migraine attacks [12][13]. Genetic and Environmental Factors - Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in migraine susceptibility, with heritability rates estimated between 35% to 60% [16]. - Various environmental and physiological triggers, such as hormonal changes and specific foods, can push individuals over a "migraine threshold," leading to attacks [14][15]. Future Directions in Research - There is a call for a paradigm shift in migraine research to explore new mechanisms beyond CGRP, as current treatments do not work for all patients [12][19]. - The development of AI tools to predict migraine attacks based on patient data is underway, aiming to enhance preventive strategies and treatment outcomes [17][18].