3 6 Ke·2025-09-30 08:43Group 1 - The article discusses the challenges faced by humanoid robots in achieving dexterity despite significant investments from venture capital firms and large tech companies [2][3][5] - Humanoid robots are designed to mimic human body structures and perform tasks in human environments, with the goal of creating versatile robots capable of handling various jobs [5][6] - Companies like Tesla and Figure are optimistic about the economic potential of humanoid robots, with predictions of generating trillions in revenue, but the timeline for achieving human-level dexterity remains uncertain [6][7] Group 2 - The history of humanoid robot development spans over six decades, with significant contributions from various researchers and institutions, including early models from Waseda University and Honda [8][9] - Despite advancements, no humanoid robot has demonstrated significant dexterity comparable to human capabilities, and existing designs have not been successfully applied in practical industrial settings [20][21] - The article emphasizes the importance of tactile feedback and dexterity in humanoid robots, arguing that current training methods relying on visual data are insufficient for achieving the desired level of skill [23][24][44] Group 3 - The article critiques the reliance on "learning from demonstration" methods, highlighting the limitations of current approaches that do not incorporate tactile or force feedback [23][24][25] - Companies like Figure and Tesla are shifting towards training humanoid robots using first-person videos of humans performing tasks, betting on the effectiveness of visual learning [26][27] - The article concludes that achieving true dexterity in humanoid robots will require a deeper understanding of tactile perception and the integration of such feedback into training methodologies [44][45]