美国两党催促白宫：再不续签《非洲增长与机遇法案》，中国将取代我们

Core Viewpoint - The expiration of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) at the end of September 2023 poses a significant risk to hundreds of thousands of jobs in Africa, prompting bipartisan calls in the U.S. Congress for its renewal to maintain American influence in the region against China [1][4]. Group 1: Impact on Employment and Trade - In 2023, African exports to the U.S. under AGOA amounted to $9.7 billion, with many jobs in Africa dependent on this legislation [1]. - If AGOA is not renewed, approximately 300,000 direct jobs and 1 million indirect jobs could be at risk across various sectors, including automotive and horticulture [2]. - The United Aryan clothing company in Kenya, which supplies major U.S. retailers, faces potential tariffs of up to one-third of its export value, leading to possible layoffs [1][2]. Group 2: Political and Economic Context - U.S. lawmakers from both parties view AGOA as a crucial element of American foreign relations and a counterbalance to China's growing influence in Africa [4]. - A bipartisan proposal to extend AGOA for 16 years has been introduced, emphasizing the need for U.S. commitment to Africa's young and growing population [4]. - The Trump administration has expressed support for renewing AGOA, although specific details remain unclear [5]. Group 3: Trade Dynamics and Alternatives - The impact of U.S. tariffs on African exports is significant, with South Africa facing a 30% tariff on certain goods, leading to an 83% decline in automotive exports to the U.S. this year [5]. - For countries like Kenya and Madagascar, the absence of AGOA would render exports unprofitable, threatening numerous jobs [5]. - The United Nations International Trade Centre estimates that without AGOA, exports from 32 African countries to the U.S. could decrease by 8.7% by 2029, even with AGOA's extension, a decline of 8% is still expected [6]. Group 4: China's Growing Influence - China is expanding its trade relations with Africa, offering zero tariffs on 100% of products for 53 African countries, which could further shift the balance of trade away from the U.S. [6]. - Observers note that China's strategy aims to position itself as a more reliable trade partner for African nations amid U.S. trade tensions [6].