美国2000万吨大豆滞销，中国却成全球最大芯片出口国

Core Insights - The historical trade imbalance between the U.S. and China persists, with the U.S. struggling to identify competitive products to sell to China, leading to significant challenges in the agricultural sector, particularly for soybeans [2][26] - The U.S.-China trade war has resulted in a drastic decline in U.S. soybean exports to China, with imports dropping to 22.13 million tons in 2024, a 5.7% decrease year-on-year, marking the lowest level in 12 years [2][5] - Brazil has emerged as a dominant supplier of soybeans to China, with imports reaching 74.65 million tons in 2024, accounting for 71.1% of China's total soybean imports [7] Trade Dynamics - The bilateral trade volume between the U.S. and China reached $688.28 billion in 2024, a 275-fold increase since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1979, but the trade structure has significantly changed [2] - U.S. exports to China are increasingly dominated by high-tech products, with machinery, electronics, optics, and medical devices making up 63% of total exports, while agricultural products account for only 23% [9][16] - The U.S. agricultural sector, particularly soybean farmers, has expressed frustration over the trade war, feeling like collateral damage despite government subsidies being insufficient to cover their losses [5][11] Historical Context - The article draws parallels between historical trade challenges faced by the U.S. and current issues, highlighting that the U.S. has historically struggled to offer products that meet Chinese demand [18][20] - The U.S. once relied on selling opium to China to address trade imbalances, a practice that is no longer viable due to China's growing economic power [24][26] - The contrast between China's industrial growth and the U.S.'s status as the largest consumer of opioids underscores the shifting dynamics in global trade and economic strength [26]