诺奖点燃多个千亿市场，辉瑞、阿斯利康都在下注

Group 1 - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2025 was awarded to American scientists Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Japanese immunologist Shimon Sakaguchi for their groundbreaking discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance [1][2] - Their research focuses on the mechanisms of negative regulation of the immune system, specifically the role of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) as a "brake" for immune responses [1][7] - The total prize money for this year's award is 11 million Swedish Krona, approximately 8.31 million RMB, which remains unchanged from the previous year [3] Group 2 - The research conducted by the awardees has been relatively overlooked in the past, but it is now gaining attention as it has the potential to impact multiple billion-dollar markets [2][9] - Treg cell-related therapies are projected to exceed $25 billion by 2031, with a compound annual growth rate of 44% from 2024 to 2031, indicating significant market potential in areas such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and organ transplant rejection [8][11] - The global market for autoimmune drugs has surpassed $100 billion, with projections reaching $176.7 billion by 2030, highlighting the growing interest and investment in this therapeutic area [11][12] Group 3 - Treg cell therapies are currently in a critical transition from research to clinical application, with 234 studies already in clinical trial phases, predominantly in North America [7][11] - Major pharmaceutical companies like Pfizer and AstraZeneca are actively investing in Treg cell-related therapies, indicating a strong industry interest in this area [11][12] - Despite the potential of Treg cell therapies, challenges remain, including issues with stability and potential toxicity, which need to be addressed for effective clinical use [12][13]