斗不过中国，索性另立一个替身？美国瞄准中国身边两国

Core Viewpoint - The United States has invested significant resources over seven years to create trade barriers against China, yet the manufacturing engine of China remains robust, with India and Vietnam struggling to compete effectively in the global trade landscape [1][20]. Group 1: Trade Barriers and Economic Impact - In 2018, the U.S. imposed a 25% tariff on $50 billion worth of Chinese goods, expecting manufacturers to leave China, but many retained core production in China while moving only assembly to Vietnam [2]. - The trade volume through third-party countries to the U.S. has surged, undermining the effectiveness of the initial tariff barriers [2]. Group 2: Military Aid and Operational Challenges - The U.S. increased military aid to India to $900 million in 2020, providing advanced equipment, but operational challenges arose due to language barriers and maintenance issues [3][5]. - The "Indo-Pacific Economic Framework" launched by the U.S. in 2021 aimed to coordinate trade and industry but has faced significant implementation challenges [4][7]. Group 3: Manufacturing and Labor Issues - India's manufacturing ambitions have been hampered by labor skill shortages and infrastructure issues, leading to a shift in production orders back to China [8][12]. - Vietnam's economy is heavily reliant on imports from China, with 80% of textile materials sourced from there, complicating its manufacturing independence [8][10]. Group 4: Economic Agreements and Trade Relations - A significant trade agreement between the U.S. and Vietnam in July 2025 was followed by the imposition of additional tariffs, leading to a sharp decline in Vietnam's stock market [10]. - The U.S. also imposed a 50% tariff on $602 billion worth of Indian goods shortly after announcing a trade roadmap, causing frustration among Indian manufacturers [10]. Group 5: Infrastructure and Talent Bottlenecks - Major projects in India and Vietnam have faced delays and cost overruns due to environmental and regulatory challenges, highlighting infrastructure weaknesses [11]. - Vietnam's semiconductor industry is struggling with a talent shortage, with a significant gap in skilled engineers [11]. Group 6: Future Outlook and Strategic Shifts - Despite U.S. efforts, China's manufacturing capabilities have continued to improve, with automation enhancing efficiency [13][20]. - The U.S. may need to reconsider its strategic focus as India and Vietnam currently serve more as supplementary players rather than primary competitors to China [20].