沙特与伊朗握手言和：中国促成历史性突破，引领石油人民币新时代

Core Insights - The article contrasts the approaches of the Soviet Union and China in the Middle East, highlighting how the Soviet Union's aggressive tactics led to distrust, while China's patient and non-interventionist strategy fostered cooperation and stability [1][12][23] Historical Context - The article discusses the historical backdrop of the Middle East during the 1950s, focusing on the rise of revolutionary movements and the Soviet Union's support for these changes, which alarmed conservative monarchies like Saudi Arabia [2][5] - It emphasizes the fear of the Saudi royal family regarding the spread of revolutionary ideas from neighboring countries, leading them to strengthen ties with the United States for security [5][8] Ideological Clash - The article notes that the Soviet Union's ideological push for revolution often clashed with the practical needs of new regimes, which prioritized stability and economic concerns over ideological alignment [10][21] - It points out that the failure of the Soviet Union to adapt to the realities of the region resulted in a loss of influence, as seen in Egypt and Iran [10][21] China's Approach - China's foreign policy is characterized by non-interference and mutual respect, which has allowed it to build relationships in the Middle East without imposing political conditions [12][19] - The article highlights a recent meeting between Saudi and Iranian officials facilitated by China, which resulted in practical agreements rather than mere statements [12][19] Economic Dynamics - The discussion of "petrodollars" reveals that the notion of a 50-year agreement expiring is largely a misconception, as the original arrangement was informal and not bound by a specific expiration date [16][22] - The article indicates that Saudi Arabia is exploring the use of the Chinese yuan for oil trade, reflecting a shift towards diversifying its economic partnerships [18][19] Geopolitical Implications - The potential for the yuan to gain traction in oil trade is seen as part of a broader trend of countries seeking alternatives to the dollar, with Saudi Arabia's openness to this change signaling a significant geopolitical shift [19][20] - The article concludes that the evolving dynamics in the Middle East are driven by practical economic considerations rather than ideological commitments, with countries prioritizing stability and mutual benefit [23]