智见｜AI时代国人消费习惯的变化及问题对策——基于城乡收入分层的分析

Core Insights - The article discusses significant changes in consumer habits in China under the influence of AI, analyzing how AI reshapes consumption decision-making paths, consumption stratification, and equity issues, including whether AI exacerbates consumption gaps [1] - It highlights the differences in consumption patterns between urban and rural areas, emphasizing that urban high-income groups adapt more quickly to AI technologies, while rural low-income groups remain focused on basic survival needs [2][3] - The research employs compound annual growth rate (CAGR) and consumption elasticity calculations to compare consumption differences across urban and rural areas during different stages of AI penetration [3][4] Urban vs. Rural Consumption Differences - Urban residents, particularly high-income groups, have better education and digital literacy, leading to quicker adaptation to AI technologies and a shift towards high-end products and services [2] - Rural low-income groups exhibit weaker consumption habit effects, relying on survival rationality and showing slower AI penetration, primarily focusing on basic living expenses [2][8] Stages of AI Impact and Consumption Elasticity - The impact of AI on consumption is gradual, with long-term data smoothing out short-term fluctuations. The study divides AI's influence into two stages: initial (2020-2022) and mature (2022-2024) [3][4] - Consumption elasticity is calculated for various categories, revealing differences in responsiveness to income changes between urban and rural residents across the two stages [4][5] Urban Residents: Basic vs. Quality Consumption - In the initial stage, urban residents prioritize improving living conditions and essential goods, leading to high consumption elasticity. In the mature stage, as basic needs become saturated, elasticity decreases [6][10] - The transition from survival needs to quality pursuits in urban areas results in increased elasticity for categories like transportation and education, driven by income growth and enhanced AI applications [7][10] Rural Residents: Saturation and Activation of Developmental Consumption - Rural residents experience a saturation effect in basic consumption as income rises, leading to reduced elasticity in essential goods. However, there is a growing demand for quality-driven consumption in the mature stage [8][12] - The digitalization of rural areas and improved infrastructure stimulate new consumption patterns, such as online education and smart devices, enhancing responsiveness to income changes [9][12] Banking Strategies for Urban and Rural Residents - For urban residents, banks should shift focus from traditional consumer credit for basic needs to customized financial services for quality consumption, such as smart home products and health management services [10][11] - For rural residents, banks can provide small, short-term loans for essential goods while enhancing digital payment solutions and promoting financial services to meet the growing demand for quality-driven consumption [12][13] Conclusion - AI technology profoundly influences consumer habits in China, reshaping decision-making processes and highlighting urban-rural disparities. The findings indicate a transition from basic consumption to quality consumption in urban areas, while rural areas experience a shift from saturation in basic needs to activation of developmental consumption [14]