为全球气候治理合作注入更多正能量（美丽中国）

Core Points - China has announced a new round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) aiming for a 7%-10% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from peak levels by 2035, with a focus on achieving more ambitious targets [1][2][3] - The NDCs include a qualitative and quantitative framework termed "1+3+3," which encompasses absolute reduction targets and specific indicators for non-fossil energy consumption, renewable energy capacity, and forest carbon stocks [2][3] - The new targets signify a shift from intensity control to absolute control of carbon emissions, marking a significant step in China's climate strategy [2][4] Group 1: NDC Goals and Framework - The new NDCs cover all economic sectors, including energy, industry, transportation, and agriculture, and include non-CO2 greenhouse gases like methane and nitrous oxide [4] - The qualitative indicators include making new energy vehicles the mainstream in sales and establishing a nationwide carbon trading market covering major high-emission industries [2][4] - The targets are designed to align with China's long-term development strategy while addressing complex domestic and international factors [3][4] Group 2: Progress and Achievements - China has made significant progress in implementing its 2030 NDCs, establishing the world's largest renewable energy system and reducing the cost of wind and solar power generation [6] - The country has achieved a 19.8% share of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption ahead of the 2030 target, and has built the largest carbon trading market covering over 60% of national emissions [6][5] - Experts emphasize the importance of technological innovation and international cooperation in achieving the new NDC goals [8][6] Group 3: Challenges and Future Directions - Achieving the 2035 NDCs will require substantial efforts from China, alongside a favorable international environment [7][8] - There is a need for further research on climate adaptation strategies, as well as coordination of policies and funding to address climate risks [7][8] - Experts advocate for a collaborative global approach to climate change, emphasizing the need for fair trade and stable international relations to support low-carbon transitions [8]