“全职儿女”：是孝道，还是新型啃老？

Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "full-time children" has emerged as a response to increasing employment pressures and societal competition, leading to a significant online discourse and the formation of communities discussing this lifestyle choice [1][2]. Group 1: Definition and Types of "Full-Time Children" - "Full-time children" is a term that describes young individuals who live with their parents and provide various forms of support, including household chores and emotional care, while receiving financial support from their parents [6][7]. - This group can be categorized into two types: short-term transitional "full-time children," primarily young graduates facing employment challenges, and relatively stable "full-time children," often middle-aged individuals who have left the workforce to care for elderly parents [7][9]. Group 2: Characteristics and Experiences - The majority of "full-time children" are female, with a significant portion being recent graduates or individuals with some work experience [10][11]. - Short-term transitional "full-time children" often experience anxiety and pressure related to their employment status, while relatively stable "full-time children" may feel a mix of fulfillment from caregiving and anxiety about their future [18][19]. Group 3: Societal Causes of the "Full-Time Children" Phenomenon - The rise of "full-time children" is linked to broader economic challenges, including high youth unemployment rates and a mismatch between education and job market demands [22][25]. - The aging population in China has also contributed to the need for family-based caregiving, as many elderly individuals require assistance that is often provided by their children [28][29]. Group 4: Governance Strategies for "Full-Time Children" - To address the challenges faced by short-term transitional "full-time children," strategies should focus on enhancing employment opportunities and providing support for job-seeking efforts [34][35]. - For relatively stable "full-time children," it is essential to recognize and support their caregiving roles, potentially offering training and financial assistance to alleviate their burdens [46][49].