马斯克Neuralink脑机接口技术新突破：ALS患者仅凭意念操控机械臂

Core Insights - Neuralink has achieved a significant breakthrough in brain-machine interface technology, enabling a patient with ALS to control a robotic arm using only their thoughts [1][3]. Group 1: Breakthrough and Demonstration - A video demonstration showed patient Nick Wray successfully using the robotic arm to pick up a cup and drink, marking an important step in helping severely disabled patients regain autonomy [3]. - The breakthrough is part of Neuralink's "CONVOY" clinical trial approved by the FDA, aimed at testing how implanted brain chips can assist patients in completing daily tasks independently [3][5]. - Wray is the eighth participant to receive the Neuralink brain-machine interface implant, with plans to expand clinical trials to the UK in August 2024 [3]. Group 2: Technical Details and Achievements - During three eight-hour sessions, Wray completed various daily activities using the Neuralink implant, which converts neural signals into Bluetooth commands for controlling external devices [4]. - Tasks accomplished include grabbing a cup, wearing a hat, heating food in a microwave, and opening a refrigerator, showcasing the device's practical applications [4]. - Wray set a record in a dexterity test for stroke patients by moving 39 cylinders in five minutes and successfully controlled his electric wheelchair through the brain-machine interface [4]. Group 3: Clinical Trials and Challenges - Neuralink initiated its first human clinical trials in the U.S. in 2024 after overcoming significant safety review hurdles from the FDA, which had previously rejected its application in 2022 due to safety concerns [5]. - Eight severely paralyzed patients have received the experimental brain chip, allowing them to interact with digital devices using only their thoughts [5]. - The first recipient, Noland Arbaugh, demonstrated the device's potential by controlling a cursor and playing video games, although he faced a significant technical issue with the implant [5].