见识到中国的反制手段后，特朗普打起退堂鼓，下令修改对华限制令

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. trade measures against China's shipping and shipbuilding industries have backfired, causing significant repercussions for the U.S. economy while failing to effectively pressure China [1][5][7] Group 1: U.S. Trade Measures - The U.S. Trade Representative's office initiated a 301 investigation and planned to impose high port service fees on China's shipbuilding, shipping, and logistics sectors starting October 14, with fees starting at $50 per net ton and increasing to $180 over three years [1] - A single 100,000-ton oil tanker would incur an additional $5 million in port fees, severely impacting transoceanic shipping profits [1] Group 2: China's Response - In retaliation, China announced a "special port fee" for all U.S.-flagged vessels starting October 14, with fees starting at 400 RMB per net ton and increasing to 1,120 RMB over the years [3] - This countermeasure reflects China's strong stance and market awareness, indicating a strategic response to U.S. actions [3] Group 3: Impact on U.S. Industries - U.S. shipping and energy companies are expected to face significant cost increases due to the new fees, particularly affecting LNG exports that rely on foreign vessels [3] - The automotive sector, heavily dependent on Chinese-built ships for transporting imported vehicles, will also see increased costs, potentially raising end-market prices [3] Group 4: Market Reactions - Following China's announcement, trans-Pacific shipping rates surged by 7%, and some cargo ships canceled bookings, leading to immediate economic pressure on U.S. ports and importers [5] - In response to the economic fallout, the U.S. government reduced the proposed fee from $150 to $46 per net ton, a nearly 70% decrease, and added exemptions for long-term contracts [5] Group 5: Strategic Implications - The reduction in fees signifies a strategic retreat by the U.S. to maintain support from voters and businesses, especially in light of losses in agricultural exports to South America [5][7] - The evolving dynamics indicate that China is no longer a passive player but is actively shaping negotiation terms, reflecting its growing economic power and diplomatic acumen [7]