TYN(SZ:000591) Sou Hu Cai Jing·2025-10-13 04:08Core Insights - The report discusses the acceleration of nuclear fusion technology, which is seen as a potential ultimate solution to the global energy crisis, with significant advancements expected by 2025 [1][2]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Overview - Controlled nuclear fusion aims to replicate the sun's energy production on Earth by fusing isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium, releasing substantial energy [1][2]. - The process requires three critical conditions: temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius, sufficient plasma density, and a stable energy confinement time, collectively known as the "fusion triple product" [1][20]. Group 2: Advantages of Nuclear Fusion - Nuclear fusion offers significant advantages over traditional energy sources, including zero greenhouse gas emissions and minimal long-lived radioactive waste, making it an environmentally friendly option [2][29]. - The energy density of nuclear fusion is extremely high; for instance, one liter of seawater contains enough deuterium to produce energy equivalent to 300 liters of gasoline, indicating that fusion could provide energy for over 10 billion years [2][29]. Group 3: Technological Developments - The global nuclear fusion research landscape is divided into two main technological routes: magnetic confinement and inertial confinement, with notable advancements in both areas [2][3]. - The ITER project, a collaborative international effort, aims to achieve a fusion energy gain greater than 10 by 2034, while the SPARC project in the U.S. plans to produce plasma by 2026 and achieve net energy gain by 2027 [3][4]. Group 4: China's Nuclear Fusion Initiatives - China has established a diverse development framework in nuclear fusion, involving state research institutes, universities, and private enterprises, with significant projects like the BEST project and the "Spark" project underway [4][5]. - The BEST project, set to begin assembly in May 2025, aims to achieve net energy gain by 2027, while the "Spark" project targets 100 megawatts of power by 2030 [4][5]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The transition from experimental to demonstration and commercial fusion reactors is underway, with clear plans from major players like China, the U.S., and the EU [5]. - If technological breakthroughs continue, nuclear fusion could become a primary energy source in the latter half of the 21st century, supporting global carbon neutrality goals [5].