中金：关税再升级的影响与应对

Core Viewpoint - The recent escalation of trade tensions between the US and China, marked by Trump's announcement of a 100% additional tariff on Chinese goods starting November 1, has led to significant market volatility, with the Nasdaq index dropping 3.6% and the VIX index rising to 22, the highest since April's "reciprocal tariffs" [1][2]. Summary by Relevant Sections Trade Tensions - The trade friction between the US and China has intensified, with the US imposing higher tariffs and China responding with export controls on rare earth materials [1][2]. - On October 3, the US confirmed additional fees on Chinese-owned vessels entering US ports, starting October 14, with fees increasing over the next three years [1][2]. Tariff and Export Control Measures - China announced a special port fee for US vessels, starting at 400 RMB (approximately 56 USD) per net ton, increasing to 1120 RMB (approximately 157 USD) over three years, indicating a largely symbolic retaliation [2][3]. - China controls 61% of global rare earth mining and over 90% of the refining process, and new export controls will require foreign companies to obtain permission if their products contain Chinese rare earth materials valued at 0.1% or more [4][5]. Market Reactions - The market has shown signs of volatility, with significant declines in various indices and commodities, including a 5.6% drop in Bitcoin and a 3.8% drop in crude oil [1][2]. - The current market environment differs from April's "reciprocal tariffs," as investors are more prepared for such news, leading to smaller declines in asset prices compared to previous escalations [13][16]. Future Outlook - The potential for negotiation remains, as both sides may seek to avoid the economic burden of high tariffs and trade restrictions, which could exacerbate inflation and economic instability in the US [24][29]. - The upcoming APEC meeting at the end of October may serve as a critical juncture for negotiations, with the possibility of reaching a compromise before the tariffs take effect [29][30].