意大利修订版权法回应AI冲击，释放了哪些信号？

Core Points - Italy's revised copyright law, effective from October 10, clarifies the legal protection of AI-generated works and the conditions under which copyrighted content can be used for training large models, addressing challenges posed by generative AI to traditional copyright frameworks [1][2] - The law emphasizes that AI-generated works are protected if they reflect the intellectual labor of a human author, establishing a threshold for legal protection of AI works [1] - The law allows for the use of copyrighted content for text and data mining under specific conditions, including non-profit research by institutions and commercial use if rights holders do not explicitly refuse [2][3] Group 1 - The revised Italian copyright law addresses the legal status of AI-generated works and the use of copyrighted materials for training AI models [1][2] - The law stipulates that AI-generated works must include substantial human intellectual contribution to qualify for copyright protection [1] - The law permits the use of copyrighted content for text and data mining, specifically for scientific research and under certain commercial conditions [2][3] Group 2 - The revisions are a localized adaptation of the EU's 2019 Copyright Directive, aligning Italian law with broader European standards [3] - The law's provisions aim to balance the interests of copyright holders and AI companies, potentially encouraging rights holders to assert their rights more actively [3] - There are concerns regarding the practical enforcement of rights holders' ability to exercise their "opt-out" rights, as the standards for what constitutes a "machine-readable" notice remain unclear [3]