【西街观察】反内卷：让竞争“恰到好处”，让创新“无忧无虑”

Core Insights - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Economics highlights the challenges of competition and innovation in the context of China's economic environment, emphasizing the need for a balanced understanding of these concepts [1][3]. Group 1: Competition and Innovation Dynamics - Competition can lead to excessive internal strife, resulting in a "Malthusian trap" characterized by low-level homogenized competition [2]. - The relationship between competition and innovation is not linear; it varies based on the intensity of competition and the economic development stage [1][2]. - In mature and leading economies, competition may not always be beneficial, as it can lead to diminishing returns and a focus on price wars [1]. Group 2: Innovation as a Solution - Breakthrough innovation is essential to combat the anxiety caused by low-quality competition, positioning innovation as a remedy for current economic challenges [3]. - The process of innovation is demanding, requiring a robust institutional environment that fosters knowledge and legal frameworks to support technological advancements [4]. - Innovation is viewed as a long-term strategy that creates new demand and markets, essential for adapting supply and demand effectively in the current Chinese context [5].