从哪些方面入手破解青岛水资源短缺问题？

Core Viewpoint - The report emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable water resource management in Qingdao, a key coastal city in northern China, due to severe water shortages that hinder green and high-quality development [1] Group 1: Current Water Resource Challenges - Qingdao's per capita water resource is only 9.5% of the national average, highlighting a critical limitation for local development [1] - Total water usage in Qingdao increased by 4.186 million cubic meters in 2023, while agricultural water usage decreased by 660,000 cubic meters, indicating intensified competition for water resources [1] - The over-extraction of groundwater is a significant issue, with shallow groundwater storage in plain areas decreasing by 116 million cubic meters year-on-year, leading to increased pollution risks and ecological degradation [1] Group 2: Proposed Solutions - Expanding water sources is fundamental, including large-scale seawater utilization and rainwater resource management, alongside the development of seawater desalination and recycled water systems [2] - Comprehensive water conservation strategies are essential, focusing on optimizing industrial layouts, promoting low-water consumption industries, and enhancing agricultural water efficiency [2] - Implementing smart management and regulatory frameworks, such as tiered water pricing and real-time monitoring systems, is crucial for sustainable water resource management [2] Group 3: Legal and Social Frameworks - There is a need to revise water conservation regulations and establish stricter water usage standards, integrating water resource management indicators into government performance evaluations [3] - Encouraging public participation and creating a collaborative governance system involving government, market, and society is vital for improving sustainable water resource utilization [3]