创新驱动，如何成为引领性发展战略

Core Insights - Technological innovation is identified as the core driving force for economic development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, leading to significant achievements in key technology breakthroughs, industrial upgrades, and green transformation [1] - The transition from factor-driven to innovation-driven economic growth is emphasized, with the upcoming economic Kondratiev wave cycle indicating a shift towards artificial intelligence and new energy [1][4] - The increase in R&D investment from 2.4 trillion yuan at the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" to 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, a nearly 50% growth, highlights the strengthening of China's innovation capabilities [1][2] R&D and Technological Advancements - The R&D expenditure intensity is projected to reach 2.69% of GDP in 2024, nearing the OECD average, with basic research funding accounting for 6.88% [1] - Significant changes in research paradigms and resource allocation are noted, including the breaking of traditional disciplinary boundaries and the establishment of demand-driven basic research mechanisms [2] - The high-tech manufacturing sector has seen an average annual growth of 8.7% from 2020 to 2024, with notable advancements in artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and bio-economy [2] Digital Economy and Green Technology - The value added by core digital economy industries is expected to rise from 7.8% of GDP in 2020 to 10.4% in 2024, surpassing the "14th Five-Year Plan" target of 10% [3] - The share of wind and solar power in total electricity consumption is projected to increase from 9.7% in 2020 to 18.6% in 2024, indicating a strong lead in green technology [3] - The integration of digital technology with the real economy has led to the emergence of over 400 national-level specialized "little giant" enterprises in the AI sector [3] Future Outlook and Strategic Directions - The upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" period will see a multi-technology approach driving the sixth Kondratiev wave, emphasizing the importance of collaborative effects among technologies [4] - Key areas for China include achieving breakthroughs in quantum technology, brain-computer interface commercialization, and low-carbon transformation in high-energy industries [4] - A strategic shift is needed from following to leading in technology, focusing on system reconstruction and global competitiveness in new energy and digital economy sectors [4]