Sou Hu Cai Jing·2025-10-15 14:53Core Insights - The white paper outlines the 5G Air-to-Ground (ATG) communication technology system as a key enabler for broadband access in aviation, emphasizing its low latency, high bandwidth, and cost-effectiveness as crucial for enhancing passenger experience and operational efficiency in civil aviation [1][7][8]. Group 1: Overview of Aviation Internet - Aviation internet is defined as a technology that provides high-speed and stable internet access for civil aircraft, significantly enhancing passenger flight experience [11]. - The two main technical routes for aviation internet are satellite-based communication and ground-based ATG technology [11][12]. Group 2: Market Trends and Opportunities - The global market for aviation internet is substantial, with penetration rates exceeding 80% in the US and over 50% in Europe, while domestic penetration is below 6% [17]. - In 2023, China's civil aviation passenger transport volume reached 620 million, projected to grow to 730 million in 2024, indicating a rising demand for in-flight internet services [17]. - Over 60% of passengers are willing to pay for in-flight internet services, highlighting significant commercial potential [17]. Group 3: Policy Support - Recent policy changes have facilitated the commercial use of in-flight communication services, including the approval of in-flight internet access and the removal of restrictions on the use of portable electronic devices [20][21]. - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has approved the use of 4.9GHz frequency resources for 5G ATG technology trials, accelerating its commercialization [20]. Group 4: Technological Development - The development of 5G ATG technology benefits from a well-established terrestrial network, offering superior performance compared to satellite communication due to reduced propagation loss and enhanced user experience [24]. - The white paper presents a comparison between 5G ATG and satellite communication, highlighting advantages in bandwidth, latency, and cost [25]. Group 5: Industry Collaboration - The 5G ATG ecosystem involves collaboration across the supply chain, including hardware providers, network operators, and application developers, with companies like ZTE and Huawei leading in equipment supply [27][30]. - China Mobile has established the world's first 5G ATG trial network, demonstrating significant advancements in network performance and pre-commercial capabilities [30]. Group 6: Technical Architecture and Challenges - The 5G ATG system comprises three main components: network systems, onboard systems, and platform systems, designed to meet the unique challenges of high-speed aviation environments [36][37]. - Key challenges include high-speed mobility, extensive coverage requirements, and interference management, which necessitate innovative solutions such as advanced frequency compensation algorithms [38][39][40].