两党对峙难破 民生经济承压 美国联邦政府“停摆”进入第三周（国际视点）

Core Points - The U.S. federal government has entered its fifteenth day of a shutdown, marking the longest shutdown in nearly seven years, with no substantial progress in negotiations to restart the government [1][2] - The shutdown began on October 1 due to the Senate's failure to pass a new temporary funding bill before federal funds were exhausted, highlighting increasing political polarization and a lack of compromise between the two parties [2][3] - Public services are significantly impacted, with many federal employees furloughed and essential services halted, affecting vulnerable populations and international visitors [4][5] Group 1: Government Shutdown Details - The shutdown is a result of the Senate's repeated failure to pass a funding bill, with the latest vote resulting in 49 votes for and 45 against, failing to meet the required 60 votes [2] - The political standoff is characterized by intense partisan conflict, particularly over healthcare-related spending, with Democrats refusing to support government reopening without extending certain tax credits [2][3] - Historical context shows that government shutdowns have occurred over 20 times since 1974, often as a result of budgetary disputes, with the longest previous shutdown lasting 35 days [3] Group 2: Impact on Public Services - The shutdown has led to significant disruptions in public services, including air traffic control, resulting in thousands of flight delays due to staff shortages [4] - Over 75,000 federal employees are on unpaid leave, with additional layoffs expected as the shutdown continues [4][6] - Various public services, including museums and food assistance programs, are facing operational challenges, with food banks struggling due to loss of federal support [5][6] Group 3: Economic Implications - The economic impact of the shutdown is becoming evident, with estimates suggesting a 0.1% reduction in annual GDP growth for each week the government remains closed [6][7] - The shutdown creates a "data blind spot" as key economic reports are delayed, complicating decision-making for the Federal Reserve regarding interest rate adjustments [6][7] - The Treasury Secretary has indicated that the situation is worsening, affecting both the agricultural sector and businesses that rely on timely economic data for planning [7]