华鑫证券：轴向磁通电机有望成为下一代执行器用电机 SMC一体压铸、定子结构优化加速商业化

Core Viewpoint - The axial flux motor has significant structural advantages, including high power density, making it suitable for applications in electric aircraft, electric vehicles, and robotic joints [1][2]. Group 1: Structural Advantages - The axial flux motor features a disc design with the magnetic flux path parallel to the shaft, allowing for a reduction in weight and axial dimensions by half compared to traditional radial flux motors at the same power level [1]. - The efficient operating range of the axial flux motor is broader, with an efficiency area reaching over 90%, and it shows significant improvements in torque density and power density [1]. Group 2: Production Constraints - The complex disc structure of the axial flux motor presents manufacturing challenges, including small air gap deviations that can affect magnetic flux distribution and lead to vibrations and noise, reducing lifespan [2]. - High thermal pressure is a concern due to the layered structure and high specific power, which results in low thermal capacity and increases the risk of overheating and demagnetization of rotor magnets [2]. - The production cost is high due to the use of special materials and complex manufacturing processes [2]. - Mechanical stress is significant, as large-radius rotors experience centrifugal forces during high-speed rotation, posing challenges to structural stability [2]. Group 3: Accelerating Commercial Application - The industry is adopting SMC (Soft Magnetic Composite) integrated die-casting, which offers isotropic magnetic properties and supports complex three-dimensional magnetic flux designs, enabling large-scale stable manufacturing [3]. - PCB stators with a coreless design reduce weight and lower eddy current losses, enhancing efficiency and reliability [3]. - Structural optimizations, such as flat coils, improve slot filling rates, resulting in a 20-30% increase in power due to stronger magnetic fields [3]. - Enhanced thermal management capabilities are achieved through new applications like liquid cooling channels, phase change materials, and carbon nanotubes [3].