摩洛哥中小企业面临较大“碳压力”

Core Insights - The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is set to be implemented in early 2026, prompting large Moroccan industrial enterprises to adopt decarbonization strategies, while small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) struggle with funding, manpower, and information gaps [1][2] - From 2026, carbon costs of €60 to €100 per ton will be imposed on imports of products like steel, cement, and fertilizers, which currently account for only 3.7% of Morocco's exports to the EU, indicating limited short-term impact [1] - Concerns exist that if the carbon tax expands to sectors like automotive and aviation, the entire Moroccan industrial system could face significant challenges, as global trade partners may follow the EU's lead in imposing carbon taxes [1] Challenges for SMEs - SMEs in Morocco face three main challenges: a lack of qualified personnel for EU-standard carbon emissions accounting, high costs for carbon audits, equipment upgrades, and clean energy replacements, and limited access to policy information [1][2] - Without compliant data, the EU will assign a "default carbon value" that is often higher than actual emissions, leading to increased tax rates on exports [1] Government Initiatives - The Moroccan government is advancing a "National Low Carbon Strategy" and a "Green Development Support Plan" to address these challenges [2] - The Economic, Social and Environmental Council (CESE) recommends establishing a national carbon tax mechanism to facilitate compliance with EU regulations and prevent capital outflow, alongside a proposed "decarbonization fund" for SMEs, with an estimated annual investment of $270 million to $300 million [2] - The CESE warns that without unified coordination, rapid response, and targeted financial support, the CBAM could become an "invisible trade barrier" for Morocco's industrial sector, potentially forcing many SMEs out of the green transition race [2]