美国闭门，中国开门：全球人才争夺战打响

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the changing landscape of talent migration, particularly focusing on the impact of new U.S. immigration policies under Trump, which are making it more difficult for foreign professionals, especially from India and China, to work in the U.S. This shift is contrasted with China's introduction of the K visa aimed at attracting global STEM talent, indicating a potential talent war between the two countries [5][11][22]. Group 1: U.S. Immigration Policy Changes - The Trump administration has implemented new regulations for the H-1B visa, requiring U.S. companies to pay a $100,000 application fee for foreign employees, which has caused panic among Indian H-1B visa holders [7][9]. - The H-1B visa program has a cap of 85,000 annually, with a 15%-30% selection rate, and in 2024, 71% of applicants were from India, while China accounted for 11.7% [8][10]. - The new policies have led to a significant decline in international students entering the U.S., with a 19% drop in August compared to the previous year, marking the largest decrease since the COVID-19 pandemic [10]. Group 2: China's K Visa Introduction - In response to the U.S. immigration changes, China introduced the K visa for foreign youth in STEM fields, allowing easier entry and participation in educational and entrepreneurial activities without needing a domestic employer [11][16]. - The timing of the K visa launch is seen as strategic, as it aims to attract talent that the U.S. is pushing away, particularly from India and other Asian countries [11][12]. - Experts predict that the K visa will accelerate the influx of STEM talent from regions like India, Russia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, enhancing China's competitive edge in the global talent market [16]. Group 3: Global Talent Competition - The competition for tech talent is intensifying globally, with countries like the UK and South Korea also implementing measures to attract top talent in response to U.S. policy changes [17][20]. - The UK is proposing to eliminate certain visa fees to attract top scientists and digital experts, while South Korea is focusing on attracting foreign engineers from top universities [17][20]. - Countries in the Middle East, such as the UAE and Saudi Arabia, are also actively seeking to attract AI talent through favorable conditions and high salaries, positioning themselves as emerging hubs for technology professionals [21][22].