商务部发布第6号令，对美强势反制，中美博弈进入新阶段

Core Viewpoint - China has adopted rapid and firm countermeasures in response to a new round of trade provocations from the United States, showcasing a new strategy and rhythm in trade negotiations [1] Group 1: China's Countermeasures - The Ministry of Transport in China has introduced new regulations to impose special port fees on U.S.-flagged vessels, mirroring previous U.S. actions against Chinese vessels [1] - The Chinese government has implemented a uniform 34% tariff on all U.S. imports, marking a significant escalation in retaliatory measures [5][6] - China has also imposed export controls on seven categories of rare earth elements, emphasizing its strategic position in critical supply chains [6] Group 2: Targeted Sanctions - The Ministry of Commerce has blacklisted the South Korean company Hanwha Ocean's U.S. subsidiary for its involvement in U.S. anti-subsidy investigations against China's shipping industry, reflecting a strategy of precise targeting [3] - This approach aims to deter other third-party companies from cooperating with U.S. actions against China, signaling that such cooperation will incur costs [3] Group 3: U.S. Response and Domestic Pressure - Following China's countermeasures, the U.S. has softened its tone, expressing willingness to continue negotiations and inviting Chinese representatives for discussions, indicating domestic pressures such as inflation and consumer sensitivity to price increases [3][6] - Small businesses in the U.S. have filed lawsuits against the government, arguing that the imposition of tariffs without Congressional approval is unconstitutional [8] Group 4: Global Trade Implications - The U.S. unilateral tariff policies violate the most-favored-nation principle of the World Trade Organization, raising concerns about the global trade outlook [9][15] - China's actions reflect a mature strategy, adhering to proportionality in its countermeasures while maintaining a cautious approach compared to the U.S.'s broad tariff increases [9][11] Group 5: Industry-Specific Impacts - The semiconductor sector is particularly affected, with China initiating anti-dumping investigations into U.S. imported analog chips, which have seen a significant price drop despite increasing market share [13] - Various industries, such as electronics, textiles, and automotive, face different levels of impact from the tariffs, with some experiencing price pressures and others accelerating domestic replacements [13][16] Group 6: Long-term Strategic Shifts - The trade friction is prompting China to enhance its industrial capabilities and reduce reliance on U.S. technology, while also diversifying its export markets towards ASEAN, the Middle East, and Latin America [13][16] - The ongoing trade conflict is expected to reshape the global economic landscape, with the evolution of the global trade system heavily influenced by the outcomes of the U.S.-China trade negotiations [16]