创新答卷彰显新型举国体制优势（科技视点）

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of leveraging the advantages of a new type of national system to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance and strength in China [1] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, significant historical achievements and transformations in China's technological innovation have been made under the strong leadership of the central government [1][2] - The strategic goal of building a strong technological nation by 2035 is anchored on addressing major national needs through collaboration between government and market forces [1][5] Group 2 - China's space station has achieved complete domestic production of products and materials, with 100% self-control of key core components, resulting in hundreds of space science experiments conducted in orbit [4] - The Chang'e missions have successfully returned lunar samples, with Chang'e 5 collecting 1,731 grams from the moon's surface and Chang'e 6 expected to bring back 1,935.3 grams from the moon's far side [4][5] - The national strategic scientific and technological strength has been continuously strengthened, with the construction of national laboratories and the enhancement of research capabilities in institutions and universities [5][9] Group 3 - Original achievements in technology are continuously emerging, exemplified by the EAST project achieving a world record of 1 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds, marking a significant leap in fusion energy research [6][7] - The total R&D expenditure in society is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, maintaining China's position as the second-largest in the world [7][9] - The proportion of corporate R&D investment is projected to exceed 77% in 2024, with over 524,000 companies holding valid invention patents, accounting for 74.4% of the total in China [9] Group 4 - The innovation capacity of enterprises has significantly improved, with the successful development of the world's first 8.6-generation OLED glass substrate in Anhui, marking a breakthrough in domestic technology [8][9] - The integration of technology innovation systems involving industry, academia, and research has been strengthened, with enterprises taking a leading role in innovation [8][9] - The "dual-directional leaderboard" mechanism has been implemented in Sichuan Province to enhance the connection between market demand and scientific research, facilitating technology transfer and commercialization [12][13]