“特高压技术”美日俄全失败，中国突破核心科技，还定下世界标准

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significance of China's ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission technology, which has transformed the country's energy landscape and established it as a global leader in this field [3][5][64]. Group 1: Energy Distribution Challenges - China's energy distribution is characterized by a significant imbalance, with over 80% of wind energy, 90% of solar energy, and 76% of coal located in the western and northern regions, while over 70% of electricity consumption occurs in the industrially developed eastern regions [7][9]. - The previous reliance on coal transportation to meet electricity demand was inefficient and contributed to severe air pollution, particularly during peak electricity usage [11][13]. - The urgent need to develop renewable energy resources in the west, coupled with the challenge of efficient long-distance transmission, highlighted the necessity for UHV technology [15][19]. Group 2: Development of UHV Technology - In response to the challenges, China initiated the development of UHV technology in 2000 to facilitate the "West-East Power Transmission" strategy, aiming to transport large-scale hydropower from the west to the east [21][23]. - Initial conventional transmission technologies were inadequate, necessitating the development of UHV technology to avoid high costs and energy losses associated with building multiple lines [25][29]. - Despite facing skepticism and opposition, extensive collaboration among research institutions and manufacturers led to breakthroughs in over 310 key technologies, including the development of a 6-inch thyristor with a current capacity of 6000 amperes [31][33]. Group 3: Impact and Significance of UHV Technology - UHV technology has evolved beyond mere electricity transmission, becoming a crucial element in China's energy transition, energy security, and international competitiveness [38][40]. - The technology has effectively replaced coal-fired power generation in regions like Beijing, contributing to improved air quality and environmental benefits [41][43]. - UHV networks have established a robust energy configuration in China, ensuring stability and rapid supply-demand balance across regions, making it the only major power grid globally without large-scale blackout incidents [45][49]. Group 4: Global Leadership and Future Prospects - China has constructed over 50,000 kilometers of UHV lines, enough to circle the Earth, and continues to plan for more UHV corridors to support large-scale renewable energy development [66][69]. - The success of UHV technology has positioned China as a global benchmark, with its standards being adopted internationally, and has enhanced its influence in the global energy transition [51][55]. - The ongoing advancements in UHV technology signify a commitment to continuous innovation and the potential for further breakthroughs in the energy sector [71].