能源的未来--一场“人造太阳”竞赛正上演

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights a resurgence of nuclear energy driven by AI's demand for clean and reliable power, particularly through small modular reactors (SMRs) [1][2] - Major technology companies are increasingly investing in nuclear energy to meet the rising electricity demands of data centers and fulfill net-zero commitments, with over 23 gigawatts of new nuclear projects signed since October 2024 [2][5] - The U.S. has raised its nuclear power capacity target for 2050 to 400 gigawatts, indicating a potential investment requirement of approximately $600 billion [2][5] Group 2 - The nuclear energy landscape is evolving with two key areas: the immediate need for SMRs to address current energy shortages and the long-term potential of nuclear fusion technology [7][8] - Nuclear fusion, which promises virtually limitless fuel and minimal waste, is seen as the ultimate solution for future energy needs, with commercial viability expected between 2036 and 2040 [9][11] - High-temperature superconducting (HTS) technology breakthroughs are crucial for advancing nuclear fusion, with private companies making significant progress towards commercialization [17][20] Group 3 - The Asia-Pacific region is positioned to play a vital role in the nuclear energy revival, with countries like South Korea and Japan poised to benefit from their manufacturing capabilities and successful project deliveries [19][21] - India aims to increase its nuclear power capacity from 8.8 gigawatts to 23 gigawatts by 2031-32, with a long-term goal of reaching 100 gigawatts by 2047 [26] - Japan's strategic energy plan aims for nuclear power to account for about 20% of its energy mix by fiscal 2040, indicating a structured approach to restarting existing reactors [26]