从被做局遭“血洗”，到如今一粒不买：中国停购美国大豆背后，局面为何反转?

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the severe crisis faced by American soybean farmers due to a complete halt in orders from China, which has historically been their largest customer, leading to significant economic repercussions for the agricultural sector in the U.S. [1][3][5] Group 1: Current Situation of U.S. Soybean Farmers - Despite record-high soybean production, farmers are experiencing a "devastating blow" with empty shipping docks and a 30% reduction in dock workers' hours [1] - North Dakota reports that 70% of soybean storage facilities are full, forcing some farmers to store soybeans outdoors, risking spoilage and further losses [1] - Illinois has approved the construction of 12 temporary storage facilities, yet there remains a shortage of at least 3 million tons of storage space, leading to over $500 million in insurance claims due to unsold soybeans [1][5] Group 2: Impact of China's Import Policies - China has not placed any orders for U.S. soybeans this year, marking the first time in nearly 20 years that there have been zero orders [3][5] - Historically, China accounts for over 50% of U.S. soybean exports, contributing more than $10 billion in revenue to American farmers [5] - The lack of orders has led to financial distress among farmers, many of whom relied on agricultural loans to sustain operations, now facing potential regional agricultural credit risks [5][7] Group 3: Historical Context and Trade Dynamics - The article outlines a historical shift where China transitioned from a soybean exporter to the largest importer, largely due to U.S. agricultural policies and the introduction of genetically modified soybeans [7][8] - U.S. agricultural subsidies and aggressive marketing strategies have led to a significant decline in China's domestic soybean industry, with major U.S. firms controlling a large portion of the Chinese oilseed market [8][10] - The article highlights the long-term consequences of U.S.-China trade tensions, particularly the impact of tariffs on U.S. soybeans, which have rendered them less competitive in the Chinese market [12][13] Group 4: Future Implications for U.S. Soybean Industry - As of 2025, Brazil has overtaken the U.S. as China's largest soybean supplier, capturing 71.6% of the market share, while U.S. exports have plummeted to 12% [16][19] - The U.S. soybean industry faces a critical situation with storage capacities nearing full, and many farmers are forced to sell equipment to survive financially [19][21] - The article concludes that the U.S. agricultural model, heavily reliant on the Chinese market, is at risk, with potential losses estimated at $20 billion if orders do not resume [23][26]