反制效果显著！欧盟连夜打电话“求饶”，邀请中方赴布鲁塞尔谈判

Core Points - The EU has shifted from a hardline stance to seeking cooperation with China regarding rare earth exports, indicating a need for dialogue to address the issue [2][5] - The EU's dependency on China for rare earth materials is critical, as China controls over 90% of global rare earth processing capacity and nearly all supply of rare earth magnets [2][5] - The automotive and machinery sectors in the EU are facing significant disruptions due to rare earth supply issues, with major car manufacturers experiencing production delays [5][6] Group 1: EU's Position and Actions - EU Trade Commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis has invited Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao to Brussels to discuss urgent solutions for rare earth export controls [2] - The EU has submitted around 2,000 applications for rare earth export licenses, with only slightly over half processed, highlighting the urgency of the situation [2][5] - The EU's attempts to establish a self-sufficient rare earth supply chain have largely stalled, with projects remaining on paper and facing regulatory and technical challenges [5][6] Group 2: Challenges and Realities - The EU's rare earth mining and processing capabilities are minimal, with domestic production accounting for less than 1% of global supply [2][5] - A Swedish company's attempt to source and process rare earths from Australia resulted in a low yield and high costs, demonstrating the challenges of lacking Chinese technology [5][6] - The EU's goal to establish an independent supply chain within 3-5 years is deemed unrealistic due to the long-term technical and investment requirements [6] Group 3: China's Regulatory Framework - China's recent regulations on rare earths include a transitional period for existing contracts, humanitarian exemptions, and expedited approvals for compliant enterprises [8][10][12] - The Chinese government has tightened controls to prevent the use of rare earths in military applications, reflecting national security concerns [12][14] - The EU's own export control regulations on sensitive technologies are stricter than China's, indicating a double standard in their criticisms [14][16] Group 4: Future Outlook - The upcoming talks in Brussels are expected to lead to the EU accepting China's regulatory framework while seeking to resolve licensing issues [16] - Despite potential investments in alternative sources like Australia and Canada, the EU's reliance on China for rare earth processing and technology is projected to remain above 70% by 2035 [16] - The current situation underscores that the EU has effectively handed over its critical supply chain to China, necessitating adherence to established rules for stable supply [16]