转载 | 著名经济学家常修泽解码如皋“十五五”发展路径

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for local development to align with national strategies during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on high-quality development and innovation paths for county-level economies [1][2]. Group 1: Three Transformations in the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The first transformation is from "scale-speed type" to "high-quality development type," highlighting the shift in focus from quantity to quality and efficiency in economic planning [3][4]. - The second transformation is from "demographic dividend" to "talent dividend," indicating a transition from relying on population growth to leveraging skilled talent for economic growth [6]. - The third transformation is from "commodity marketization" to "factor marketization," stressing the need to enhance the marketization of production factors such as labor, land, capital, knowledge, technology, management, and data [7][8]. Group 2: Three Key Propositions in the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The first proposition emphasizes "innovation focusing on digital intelligence," advocating for advancements in digital technology and artificial intelligence as key drivers of innovation [9][10]. - The second proposition stresses "development focusing on human-centered approaches," suggesting that investments should prioritize human development over material investments [14][15]. - The third proposition highlights "reform focusing on production factors," calling for the marketization of production factors and their contribution to income distribution [18][19]. Group 3: Three Pressures in the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The first pressure is the need for changes in production methods, driven by technological advancements and market demands [23]. - The second pressure is the transformation of production relationships, particularly in the context of the growing importance of the private economy [23]. - The third pressure is the need for changes in the upper structure, including reforms in state-owned enterprises and their operational frameworks [23].