中国人民银行原行长周小川：AI对货币政策的影响尚需观察研究｜2025外滩年会

Core Insights - The discussion at the 2025 Bund Annual Conference highlighted the varying impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) across different industries, with a particular focus on the banking sector, where AI builds on decades of information technology advancements, presenting new development opportunities and significant marginal changes [1][2] Group 1: AI's Impact on Monetary Policy - The former governor of the People's Bank of China, Zhou Xiaochuan, indicated that the influence of AI on central banking functions, especially monetary policy and macroprudential regulation, requires further observation and research [1] - During his tenure, discussions at the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) concluded that the impact of AI on monetary policy was not yet evident, despite AI's potential to affect data collection and processing related to price and micro-behavior [1] - Zhou noted that monetary policy is a slow variable that adjusts with economic cycles, which do not change rapidly, suggesting a disconnect between AI's fast-paced data processing and the slower nature of monetary policy adjustments [1] Group 2: Regulatory Challenges and International Cooperation - There is a growing call for transparency and explainability in AI models used by financial institutions, but the complexity of machine learning and deep learning may lead to "black box" models that pose regulatory challenges [1] - Zhou emphasized the need to address the potential mismatch between AI models that utilize high-frequency data and the long-term stability required for financial soundness and macroeconomic control [2] - He also pointed out the potential for international cooperation in enhancing AI infrastructure within the financial sector, which could lay the groundwork for future collaborative efforts [2]