德国联邦统计局数据显示：今年前8月，中国再成德最大贸易国

Core Insights - The trade dynamics between Germany and the U.S. have shifted significantly due to U.S. tariff policies, with China becoming Germany's largest trading partner again [1][2][5] Trade Dynamics - In the first eight months of the year, Germany's trade with China reached €163.4 billion, surpassing trade with the U.S. at €162.8 billion [2] - German exports to the U.S. have decreased by 7.4% year-on-year, totaling €99.6 billion, with a notable drop of 23.5% in August alone [2][4] - The decline in exports to the U.S. is attributed to reduced demand for traditional German goods such as automobiles, machinery, and chemicals due to U.S. tariffs [2][4] Sector-Specific Impacts - The automotive sector saw a 23.5% year-on-year decline in exports to the U.S. following the imposition of a 25% additional tariff on imported cars [4] - The machinery sector is also experiencing pessimism, with about one-third of surveyed companies rating the current situation as "bad" or "very bad," potentially leading to job cuts [4] Economic Outlook - Despite a slight increase in exports of pharmaceuticals, IT, and electronics, these gains are insufficient to offset losses in core industries [4] - The Ifo Institute's survey indicates a slight increase in optimism among exporters, but no sustainable improvement is evident [6] - Germany's economic growth forecast for this year is only 0.2%, with a more optimistic outlook of 1.3% for the next year, driven by domestic investments rather than overseas demand [6][7] Bilateral Trade Relations - China's trade with Germany has shown an 8.3% increase in imports, reaching €108.8 billion, while exports from China to Germany grew by 10.9% in September [5] - Analysts express concerns about Germany's increasing dependency on China, although they acknowledge the strong complementary nature of the economic relationship [5][7] - Future cooperation between Germany and China is expected to remain strong in traditional sectors as well as in green transformation, service trade, smart manufacturing, and digitalization [5][7]