从“中国经济”到“中国人经济”，有何不同寻常？｜新京报专栏

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the strategic shift in China's economic development philosophy, highlighting the importance of both GDP and GNI, which reflects a transition from a production-oriented approach to a more comprehensive perspective on national wealth and economic well-being [2][3]. Summary by Sections Economic Development Strategy - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session approved the proposal for the 15th Five-Year Plan, focusing on expanding bilateral investment cooperation and emphasizing both GDP and GNI as key indicators of economic health [2]. - The shift from focusing solely on domestic production (GDP) to including national wealth (GNI) signifies a paradigm change in understanding economic performance [2][3]. GNI vs. GDP - GNI, which includes net income from abroad, provides a broader view of national wealth compared to GDP, which is limited to domestic production [3]. - GNI emphasizes the importance of individuals and their global resource allocation capabilities, while GDP focuses on local production [3]. International Investment and Competitiveness - Chinese enterprises have established over 50,000 companies abroad, with foreign investment stock exceeding $3 trillion, maintaining a global ranking in the top three for eight consecutive years [3]. - The growth of overseas assets contributes directly to GNI, aligning with the goal of meeting the people's growing needs and supporting high-level openness [4]. Policy Implications - The dual focus on GDP and GNI is seen as a necessary response to the challenges of globalization, enhancing China's control over global resources and supply chains [6]. - The proposal includes measures to attract foreign investment and support outbound investment, particularly in advanced manufacturing and digital economy sectors [7][8]. Institutional Reforms - The establishment of a more comprehensive institutional framework for high-level openness is anticipated, including aligning with international trade agreements and improving the business environment for foreign investors [7][8]. - The focus on GNI growth may lead to a shift in local government priorities from merely attracting investment to fostering talent and global engagement [8]. Global Economic Governance - The emphasis on both GDP and GNI offers a new model for economic governance, providing a reference for developing countries to balance efficiency and equity [9]. - This approach aims to enhance resilience against market fluctuations and promote inclusive globalization, as seen in projects like the China-Laos railway [9]. Conclusion - The transition from a GDP-centric model to one that values GNI reflects a profound change in development philosophy, positioning China as a global value creator rather than just a manufacturing hub [9].