制裁中国炼油厂，冯德莱恩下战书，特殊信函公布，俄将替中方兜底

Group 1 - The EU has included Chinese energy companies in its sanctions list against Russia for the first time, naming 12 companies, including a major refinery that processes Russian oil, indicating a strategic move against both Russia and China [1][3][5] - The sanctions aim to disrupt the energy cooperation between China and Russia, as the targeted companies account for 3% of China's total refining capacity and play a crucial role in importing and processing Russian oil [5][9] - The EU's actions are seen as an attempt to redefine global energy and political dynamics, with the European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen labeling China as the "primary competitor" and pushing for a transition to clean energy to reduce dependency on China [3][7][9] Group 2 - China's Ministry of Commerce has responded strongly to the EU's sanctions, stating that they violate international law and threaten global energy security, and has indicated potential countermeasures, particularly concerning rare earth exports [9][11] - The sanctions may inadvertently harm the EU's own supply chains, as Brent crude oil prices have surged to $95 per barrel, prompting Chinese companies to shift production capacity to Southeast Asia and the Middle East [15][16] - The geopolitical landscape is shifting, with Russia continuing to support China by increasing oil imports, which could account for 12% of the EU's targeted oil exports, highlighting the deepening energy ties between China and Russia [9][11][18]