近50名经济学家联手，伯南克耶伦敦促美国最高法院推翻特朗普关税

Core Viewpoint - A coalition of nearly 50 prominent economists, including former Federal Reserve Chairs Ben Bernanke and Janet Yellen, submitted a brief to the U.S. Supreme Court urging the overturning of most global tariffs imposed by the Trump administration, arguing that these tariffs are based on a misunderstanding of the global economy and do not address trade deficits as claimed by the government [1][3][5]. Group 1: Economic Perspectives - The economists argue that trade deficits are a normal aspect of the economy, citing the U.S. technology sector's dominance and consistent trade surpluses in services, contrasting this with the notion that trade deficits represent an "abnormal and special threat" as claimed by the Trump administration [7]. - They emphasize that tariffs do not resolve trade deficits and could have a detrimental impact on the economy, potentially costing trillions of dollars and affecting every household and state [3][5]. Group 2: Legal Context - The Supreme Court is set to hear oral arguments on November 5 regarding the legality of the tariffs, which include a 10% baseline tariff and higher tariffs on countries without trade agreements with the U.S. [5][9]. - This case represents a significant test of Trump's expansion of executive power and could influence the future of U.S. economic policy and global trade dynamics [5][9]. Group 3: Economic Impact - The effective tariff rate on imported goods is reported to be the highest since the Great Depression, significantly above the typical 2-3% rates seen in modern times, leading to an estimated annual increase of $2,400 in household expenses due to elevated prices [11]. - If the Supreme Court overturns the tariffs, it could reshape negotiation dynamics with other countries and impact ongoing trade discussions, with potential implications for U.S.-China relations [11].