一文了解 | 飞机舷窗为何设小孔？舷窗为何都是圆形或椭圆形？

Core Viewpoint - The design of airplane windows has evolved from square to round or oval shapes to enhance safety and structural integrity while providing better visibility for passengers [3][5]. Group 1: Window Shape Design - Early jetliners used square windows, which posed significant safety risks due to stress concentration at the corners [3]. - Round or oval windows distribute pressure evenly along smooth curves, reducing stress concentration and enhancing structural safety [5]. - The round shape also offers passengers a larger vertical field of view, improving the overall flying experience [5]. Group 2: Function of the "Breathing Hole" - The small hole in the window, known as the "breathing hole" or "vent hole," is crucial for the window's safety system [6]. - It allows for pressure equalization between the cabin and the space between the window layers, preventing deformation or breakage of the inner layers due to pressure differences [8]. - The hole also helps balance temperature and humidity, preventing condensation that could obscure visibility [8]. - It serves as an indicator for potential leaks; if air escapes through the hole, it can leave traces that indicate the severity of the leak [10]. Group 3: Safety Considerations - The design of the breathing hole is intentional and does not compromise flight safety; rather, it enhances it by ensuring proper pressure management [11]. - The size and position of the hole are meticulously calculated to maintain balance and prevent rapid pressure loss [13].