不同人群如何选择预防呼吸道传染病的疫苗？专家建议

Core Viewpoint - The National Health Commission emphasizes the importance of vaccination against respiratory infectious diseases, providing tailored recommendations for different age groups to enhance public health and prevent severe illness [1][2]. Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations for Children and Adolescents - Children and adolescents are at high risk for respiratory diseases due to their underdeveloped immune systems. It is recommended that children over 6 months of age receive the flu vaccine annually, along with completing vaccinations for pneumonia, Hib, and varicella [1]. Group 2: Vaccination Recommendations for Adults - Adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, should receive the flu vaccine annually and consider the pneumonia vaccine based on their health status. Chronic disease patients are prioritized for vaccination due to their higher risk of severe illness from respiratory infections [2]. Group 3: Vaccination Recommendations for the Elderly - The elderly population, who often have weakened immune systems and underlying health conditions, are at high risk for severe respiratory diseases. It is advised that they receive the flu vaccine annually and also consider the pneumonia vaccine to reduce the risk of pneumonia and hospitalization [2]. Group 4: Overall Vaccination Strategy - Vaccination is highlighted as the most economical and effective measure for preventing respiratory infectious diseases. The public is encouraged to consider their health status and any contraindications when deciding on vaccinations [2].