呼吸道传染病疫苗该如何选择？指南来了

Core Viewpoint - Vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to prevent respiratory infectious diseases, and individuals should choose vaccines based on their health status and contraindications [3][4] Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations - Various vaccines are available to prevent respiratory infectious diseases, including influenza, varicella, and pneumococcal vaccines, and should be selected based on health status, age, and exposure risk [3] - For children and adolescents, it is recommended to complete the national immunization program vaccines and receive the influenza vaccine annually starting from 6 months of age, along with other vaccines like pneumococcal and Hib vaccines [3] - Adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, are advised to receive the influenza vaccine annually and pneumococcal vaccine based on their health status [3] Group 2: High-Risk Groups - Chronic disease patients, such as those with diabetes, COPD, and cardiovascular diseases, should prioritize vaccination due to a higher risk of severe illness from respiratory infections [4] - The elderly population, who often have weakened immune systems and underlying conditions, are at high risk for severe illness and death from influenza and pneumonia, and it is recommended they receive both the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines annually [4]